Long term capital gains are the tax rate for assets that have appreciated in value and have been held for over one year.
A long-term capital gain is a type of tax applied to profit made from selling an asset that you have held for more than one year. The difference between the purchase price and the sale price is considered a capital gain.
Long-term capital gains are taxed at a lower rate than short-term capital gains. US tax code currently has a progressive long term capital gains tax with lower income taxpayers potentially owing 0% long term capital gains.
Short-term capital gains are profits made from selling an asset that you have held for less than one year. Short-term capital gains are taxed at your ordinary income tax rate, which is usually higher than the long-term capital gains rate.
An investment has to be held for more than one year to qualify for long-term capital gains treatment.
There are some exceptions and special rules for long-term capital gains, such as special rates for collectibles and certain small business stock. Also, some states may have different rules for taxing capital gains.
To minimize long-term capital gains taxes, you can consider holding on to your investments for more than one year to qualify for the lower long-term capital gains rate, and you can offset your capital gains by using capital losses from other investments.
There are tax benefits for long-term capital gains, such as the lower tax rate and the fact that long-term capital gains may not be subject to the net investment income tax.